Ideas of domestic 20th century educators on upbringing of a collective-oriented person
DOI: 10.23951/2307-6127-2023-6-113-121
This article is devoted to analysis of domestic experimenter-educators’ pedagogical heritage, that has not lost its relevance now. Upbringing goals shaped by government requests, society or special social groups are considered in the article in the light of realization of specific social needs. It was noted, that domestic educators coincide that a socially oriented personality upbringing is carried out most effectively in a friendly team consisting of children and adults. In conditions of collective activity, due to purposeful pedagogical influence, a person has an urgent need to act not only for the benefit of his own team, but also for the common good. The predecessor educators’ experience showed that the educational process is generally focused on the assimilation of the full amount of knowledge of the school curriculum. However, upbringing of a socially and collectively oriented personality and formation of their civilian and patriotic ideals is even more important. It becomes obvious that the rapidly progressing development of the expected qualities of young people can be clearly observed in the implementation of socially significant collective social initiatives. Practice has shown that this approach to education and upbringing throughout the twentieth century has been successfully implemented with the collectivist attitudes. It is known that a collectively oriented personality is distinguished by willingness to voluntary be in a suitable team. It is the principle of voluntary that makes it possible to coordinate individual’s interests and solution of a common pedagogical task – the upbringing of a socially oriented personality at the local level of particular team. As a conclusion, it is emphasized that the current state of the Russian education sector was largely predetermined by theory and practice of outstanding thinkers and educators of the 20-th century.
Keywords: upbringing, theoretical ideas and experiments of famous teachers, socialization, collective orientation of education and upbringing
References:
1. Gessen S. I. Osnovy pedagogiki. Vvedeniye v prikladnuy filosofiuy. Otvetstvennyy redaktor i sostavitel’ P. V. Alekseev [Fundamentals of pedagogy. Introduction to applied philosophy. Ed. and comp. P. A. Alekseev]. Moscow, Shkola-press Publ., 1995. 447 p. (in Russian).
2. Krupskaya N. K. Nashey smene – vsestoronneye razvitiye (iz vystupleniya na vserossyiyskom soveshchanii po vneshkol’noy rabote) [Our shift – comprehensive development (from speech at the All-Russian meeting on extracurricular work)]. Pedagogicheskiye sochineniya v 10 tomakh [Pedagogical essays in 10 volumes. Vol. 5]. Moscow, 1959. P. 507–513 (in Russian).
3. Fradkin F. A. Nauchnaya shkola S. T. Shatskogo [Scientific school of Shatsky S. T]. Izbrannye pedagogicheskiye sochineniya v dvukh tomakh. Tom 2 [Selected pedagogical works in 2 volumes. Vol. 2]. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1980. Pp. 361–373 (in Russian).
4. Shatsky S. T. Bodraya zhizn’ [Cheerful life]. Izbrannye pedagogicheskiye sochineniya v dvukh tomakh [Selected pedagogical works in 2 volumes. Vol. 1]. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1980. Pp. 127–257 (in Russian).
5. Shatsky S. T. Na puti k trudovoy shkole [On the way to work school]. Izbrannye pedagogicheskiye sochineniya v dvukh tomakh: Tom 2 [Selected pedagogical works in 2 volumes. Vol. 2]. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1980. Pp. 7–32 (in Russian).
6. Makarenko A. S. Tsel’ vospitaniya [The purpose of education]. Obshchiye voprosy teorii pedagogiki. Sochineniya: v 7 tomakh. Tom 5 [General questions of the theory of pedagogy. Essays in seven volumes. Vol. 5]. Moscow, APN RSFSR Publ., 1958. Pp. 345–357 (in Russian).
7. Makarenko A. S. Doklad v pedagogicheskom uchilishche [Report at the pedagogical college]. Obshchiye voprosy teorii pedagogiki. Sochineniya: v 7 tomakh. Tom 5 [General questions of the theory of pedagogy. Essays in seven volumes. Vol. 5]. Moscow, APN RSFSR Publ., 1958. Pp. 407–419 (in Russian).
8. Ivanov I. P. Metodika kommunarskogo vospitaniya: kniga dlya uchitelya [Methods of communal education: A book for a teacher]. Moscow, Prosveshcheniye Publ., 1990. 143 p. (in Russian).
9. Makarenko A. S. O moem opyte [About my experience]. In: Makarenko A. S. Obshchiye voprosy teorii pedagogiki. Sochineniya: v 7 tomakh. Tom 5 [General questions of the theory of pedagogy. Essays in seven volumes. Vol. 5]. Moscow, APN RSFSR Publ., 1958, pp. 251–276 (in Russian).
10. Makarenko A. S. Nekotorye vyvody iz moego pedagogicheskogo opyta [Some conclusions from my teaching experience]. In: Makarenko A. S. Obshchiye voprosy teorii i pedagogiki. Sochineniya: v 7 tomakh. Tom 5 [General questions of the theory of pedagogy. Essays in seven volumes. Vol. 5]. Moscow, APN RSFSR Publ., 1958. Pр. 227–250 (in Russian).
11. Zyazyun I. А., Krivonos I. F., Tarasevich N. N. et. al. Osnovy pedagogicheskogo masterstva: uchebnoye posobiye dlya pedagogicheskikh spetsial’nykh vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Pod redaktsiyey I. А. Zyazyun [Fundamentals of pedagogic skills: Textbook for ped. spec. higher institution. Edited by I. А. Zyazyun]. Moscow, Prosveshcheniye Publ., 1989. 301 p. (in Russian).
12. Trubina G. F., Zeyer E. F., Maschenko M. V. Sotsial’no orientirovannyy podkhod v obrazovanii kak usloviye uspeshnoy sotsializatsii uchaschegosya [A socially-oriented approach in education as a condition for successful socialization of a student]. Obrazovaniye i nauka – Education and science, 2017, no. 19 (6), pp. 9–32 (in Russian).
13. Karavashkina M. E., Karavashkina N. E. Tsennostnye smysly sovremennoy kul’tury (na materiale knigi S. Grofa, E. Laslo, P. Rassela «Revolutsiya soznaniya: Transatlanticheskyy dialog») [Value meanings of modern culture (based on the book by S. Grow, E. Laslo, P. Rassel «The Revolution of Consciousness: Transatlantic dialogue)]. Sovremennye nauchnye issledovaniya i innovatsii – Modern scientific research and innovation, 2016, no. 1 (in Russian). URL: https://web.snauka.ru/issues/2016/01/62833 (accessed 08 July 2023).
14. Aksyutina Z. A. Kategorial’no-terminologicheskiy apparat sovremennogo sotsial’nogo vospitaniya [Categorical and terminological apparatus of modern social upbringing]. Obrazovaniye i nauka – Education and science, 2023, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 12–34 (in Russian).
( 395.13 kB ) 
( 387.34 kB )
Issue: 6, 2023
Series of issue: Issue 6
Rubric: HISTORY AND METHODOLOGY OF EDUCATION
Pages: 113 — 121
Downloads: 213