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INTERRELATION OF SYSTEMS OF ACTIVATION AND INHIBITION OF BEHAVIOR WITH NEGATIVE EMOTIONAL EXPERIENCES OF PERSONALITY IN STUDENTS // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 3 (43). P. 176-184

The article is devoted to the problem of the interrelation of neuropsychological systems of activation and inhibition of behaviour with negative emotional experience of personality in students: irritability, resentfulness, vindictiveness and suspiciousness. In total, 56 students – future psychologists of Cherepovets State University took part in the study, 6 men (11 %) and 50 women (89 %), average age 19±1,3 years. As diagnostic tools, the Carver-White questionnaire adapted by G. G. Knyazev, the author’s questionnaire for identifying irritability to people, the questionnaire «Personal aggressiveness and conflict» by E. P. Ilyin and P. A. Kovalev (scales: “Resentfulness”, “Vindictiveness”, “Suspiciousness”) were used. The processing was carried out using methods of mathematical statistics, Spearman rank correlation coefficient was applied. As a result, it was found that negative emotional experiences can occur both when the system of activation of behaviour is excited (irritability and vindictiveness), and when system of inhibition of behaviour is excited (irritability, vindictiveness, resentfulness, and suspiciousness). In the first case, they can find expression in real behavior in the form of aggressive actions, and in the second case – in restraint or in replacement of real behavior with imaginary. The results obtained expand the understanding of modern psychology about the role of neuropsychological factors in human behavior and the determination of his emotional experiences and can be used in the work of curators of student groups and in the activities of the university psychological service.

Keywords: Behavioral Activation System (BAS), Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS), irritability, resentfulness, vindictiveness, suspiciousness

DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF THE RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE VERSION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE “PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL” FOR THE USE IN HIGHER EDUCATION // Pedagogical Review. 2022. Issue 6 (46). P. 168-180

The authors have developed and tested Russian-language version of the questionnaire “Psychological Capital” (“PsyCap”) for use in higher education. This questionnaire was developed and based on the F. Lutans, K. Joseph and B. Avolio questionnaire. They created it for the needs of organizational psychology. B. Lutans, K. Lutans and S. Jensen modified it for the field of education. Psychological capital includes four parameters: self–efficacy (confidence in the successful achievement of goals and in solving problems); hope (the ability to redirect ways to achieve goals); optimism (is a positive attitude to success); resilience (is the ability to withstand difficulties). “PsyCap” questionnaires in various modifications (“PsyCap-24”, “PsyCap-12”) are widely used in modern psychology. There is no translation and adaptation of this questionnaire in Russian psychology, especially for the needs of higher education. It determined the relevance and purpose of this study. There are 130 students – future psychologists of Cherepovets State University took part in the survey. The authors checked their questionnaire and determinate it is reliability and validity. They do it by splitting the test into two parts. Authors use Cronbach’s alpha coefficient to check the internal consistency of each scale of the questionnaire, and the generalized indicator with all scales. Authors verify empirical validity by comparing the scales of the questionnaire with the results obtained using other known psychology tests. As a result, authors concluded that other researchers can use that questionnaire in the field of higher education to diagnose the psychological capital of students.

Keywords: psychological capital, confidence, self-efficacy, hope, optimism, stability

The study of the relationship of the Dark and Light personality triads with psychological capital in students // Pedagogical Review. 2024. Issue 2 (54). P. 140-148

The relevance of the problem is due to the importance of identifying the relationships between integral personality characteristics that describe typical human behavior profiles. Such characteristics include Dark (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy) and Light (faith in humanity, humanism, Kantianism) personality triads and psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, stability). The purpose of the study was to identify the features of the relationship between the features of the Dark and Light personality triads and the parameters of psychological capital. In total, 103 students of Cherepovets State University, aged from 17 to 22 years (average age – 18.3 years), took part in the study. Specific methods were: the Russian-language version of the questionnaire of the Dark Triad by D. Jones and D. Paulhus, adapted by M. S. Egorova, M. A. Sitnikova, O. V. Parshikova; the questionnaire of the Light Triad of personality, developed by S. B. Kaufman, D. B. Yaden, E. Hyde, E. Tsukayama; the Russian version of the questionnaire by F. Luthans, C. M. Youssef and B. J. Avolio to identify the parameters of psychological capital in the adaptation of V. G. Maralov, M. A. Kudaki, O. V. Smirnova. The Pearson linear correlation coefficient was used as a mathematical treatment. As a result, it was found that only narcissism, which positively correlated with self–efficacy, hope, optimism and stability, was positively correlated with psychological capital and its individual parameters from the traits of the Dark Triad, and from the traits of the Light Triad - faith in humanity, which turned out to be associated with self-efficacy, optimism and stability. In addition, a positive relationship between humanism and optimism was found. The obtained results make a certain contribution to understanding the problem of the relationship of integral personality characteristics with each other, can be used in the work of curators of student groups, as well as in the activities of psychological services of universities.

Keywords: Dark Triad, Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, Light Triad, faith in humanity, humanism, Kantianism, psychological capital, self-efficacy, hope, optimism, stability