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Integral characteristics of memory in boys and girls in early adolescence: correlations of indicators, gender differences // Pedagogical Review. 2023. Issue 6 (52). P. 172-185

The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of the volume as an integral characteristic of the memory of younger adolescents, taking into account gender. The subject of the study is the features of the development of the volume of various types of memory in boys and girls of younger adolescence. The article analyzes the theoretical provisions describing the specifics of the manifestation of memory processes in the scientific literature, describes the features of the volume of memory in boys and girls in early adolescence. Significant differences in the volume of visual mediated memory in a sample of boys and girls were determined. More pronounced indicators of the studied memory parameters in girls are described. Direct connections between the indicators of the volume of visual mediated and auditory long-term memory, as well as visual long-term and auditory mediated memory were revealed. Direct correlations were found between the indicators of the volume of auditory mediated, auditory long-term, auditory mediated memory. It is proved that the change in the volume indicator of a certain type of memory should be taken into account when predicting possible changes in the volume indicator of another type of memory. The relationships between the indicators of “the volume of auditory long-term memory” and “the volume of auditory short-term memory”, as well as between the indicators of “the volume of auditory long-term memory” and “the volume of auditory mediated memory” were determined on a sample of small children. Correlations between indicators of “auditory longterm memory volume” and “visual mediated memory volume”, as well as between indicators of “auditory long-term memory volume” and “auditory mediated memory volume” were determined on a sample of girls. The severity of the characteristics of memory types in groups of boys and girls with high and low levels of performance discipline is determined.

Keywords: memory, younger adolescence, gender differences, types of memory, integral characteristics of memory

Developing hardiness in students with different levels of internality // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 5 (63). P. 119-130

The relevance of the study is to identify new means that ensure the development of students’ hardiness on the path of their professional development, taking into account the increased demands of modern society on the individual’s ability to adapt to everything and steadfastly accept rapidly changing external conditions. The novelty lies in the fact that we have identified the features of the development of hardiness in students with personal characteristics such as internality, motivation for success and life-purpose orientations. The article analyzes theoretical approaches to the study of the problem of hardiness and internality in psychological and pedagogical literature, highlights the features of the development of these phenomena in student age. It was revealed that students with a dominant internal locus of control are characterized by more pronounced hardiness, desire to achieve success, involvement in the process and readiness to control the possible results of their own efforts. Students with a dominant external locus are more likely to avoid failure, not accept a risk situation and expect help and support from others. It is substantiated that the means of psychological and pedagogical support can ensure the development of the level of hardiness, as well as the personal characteristics interrelated with it. The development and implementation of the program of psychological and pedagogical support, which contributes to an increase in the level of resilience of students, taking into account their personal characteristics, ensured changes in the studied parameters in each experimental group. In the group of respondents with the dominant locus of control “internality”, positive changes occurred in overall hardiness, involvement and readiness to control the results. In the group of respondents with the dominant locus of control “externality”, the indicators of overall hardiness, involvement, risk taking, and desire to achieve success statistically significantly increased. The data obtained can be used in educational practice to optimize the professional development of students.

Keywords: hardiness, internality, first-year student, student-teacher, program, psychological and pedagogical support