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PHONEMIC ABILITIES AS THE FACTOR OF ADAPTATION TO SCHOOL // Pedagogical Review. 2019. Issue 4 (26). P. 27-34

Conditions of formation of psychological and pedagogical conditions of adaptation of children to school already at a stage of preschool education are considered. There is a great influence of the degree of development of psychological factors in preschool children on the success of their adaptation to school. Particular attention is paid to the problem of adaptation of children to school, taking into account the development of their sound, lexical and grammatical structure of speech, phonemic abilities. Factors influencing successful adaptation of first-graders are generalized. The addition of one more factor to this group is substantiated: competent and expressive speech of the child, correct pronunciation of letters and syllables, developed phonemic abilities. The analysis of the ratio of phonemic abilities and subsequent adaptation of children to school was carried out. At the theoretical level, the features of manifestation of phonemic abilities in the learning process in the first grade and their impact on the success of adaptation to school. The main approaches to the formation of phonemic abilities in preschool children are considered. There are specific conditions for the organization of classes in kindergarten for the development of phonemic abilities, taking into account the age characteristics of children and special requirements for the organization of work with children at this stage of development according to the Federal State Educational Standard for Pre- School Education. It is concluded that the timely development of phonemic abilities will contribute to the correct pronunciation, understanding of speech, its perception, and then successful learning in school, which will lead to a more favorable and positive adaptation of firstgraders.

Keywords: phonemic abilities, speech, adaptation, preschoolers, maladaptation, grammatical structure, sound reproduction