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Social portrait of the psychological well-being of student youth // Pedagogical Review. 2023. Issue 4 (50). P. 170-178

The biopsychosocial model of mental health, mental disorders and psychological well-being is the modern model adopted by the psychological and medicine practice. Scientific theories concerning various aspects of human being consider the determinants of any process as the unity of biological and social. The purpose of the study is to form a social portrait of the psychological well-being of students in the Tula region. The SCL-90 test scales were used as parameters for assessing psychological well-being; as parameters characterizing the social portrait - social status (a student from a large family, an incomplete or low-income family, a student with a disability or chronic disease, a student with family and children, a student left without parental care). The study involved 1363 students of universities in the Tula region aged 17-24 years, of which 1068 female, 295 male. Monitoring was carried out during the fall of 2022. Conclusions: the presence of social status does not imply, but does not exclude low indicators of psychological well-being. Differences in the psychological well-being of students depending on the social status were revealed. Students from large families are twice as likely to demonstrate a low level of psychological well-being than a high one; students from single-parent families are three times more likely to demonstrate a low level of psychological well-being than a high one; students with disabilities or chronic diseases are significantly more likely to demonstrate a low level of psychological well-being than a high level; orphan students are twice as likely to demonstrate a low level of psychological well-being than a high one; students from low-income backgrounds are three times more likely to have a low level of psychological well-being than a high level. The results obtained indicate the expediency of social and psychological support for students of these social groups, and, first of all, students with chronic diseases or disabilities.

Keywords: social portrait, social determinants, psychological well-being, youth, students

Evaluation of psychological adaptation of first-year students through self-assessment of health indicators // Pedagogical Review. 2024. Issue 6 (58). P. 125-133

The adaptation process is a stressful reaction that activates adaptation to changes in the environment. The success of the adaptation process of freshmen is manifested in the results of educational ac tivities, the field of social interaction, indicators of physical and mental health. Disorders of psychological adaptation manifests itself in a decrease in indicators of physical functioning and psychological well-being. Health indicators and their changes can be considered as an indicator of the success of the adaptive process, and the application of appropriate diagnostic tools can be considered as a compact method of comprehensive assessment of adaptation, including physiological and psychological aspects. The aim of the study is to monitor the psychological adaptation of first-year students through health indicators (physical and psychological). In 2023, 276 1st year students of a pedagogical university, including 22 underaged, took part in the study. The sex and age composition of the sample: 240 girls, 36 boys (17-22 years old). In 2024 – 178 students, including 9 underaged. The sex and age composition of the sample: (17-21 years old) 145 girls, 33 boys (17-21 years old). Toolkit used: SF-36 testing – Quality of Life Questionnaire. The data showed that most of the scales in the sample correspond to the average values in the population or exceed the population indicators, there were no statistically significant differences between the average values in the sample and in the population. Analysis of individual results made it possible to identify students who need psychological assistance. Individual work with them confirms the informativeness and validity of the diagnostic tool used, which makes it possible to identify the manifestations of disorders of psychological adaptation and specify the targets of psychological work.

Keywords: psychological adaptation, student, first year, health