Motivation of professional activity of employees of enterprises with different work experience
DOI: 10.23951/2307-6127-2023-4-179-190
Today, each enterprise is a unique system, the effective and high-quality functioning of which depends on the coherence in the work of all its elements. According to a number of psychologists and researchers in the field of management, such functioning is more determined by both the level of professional competence of employees of the enterprise and their motivational attitudes for professional activities. In this regard, one of the main tasks of the head is the understanding of the motivational sphere of employees and the features of its formation in order to build effective interaction and management with a prospect of further increase in labor productivity and increase the competitiveness of the enterprise. To identify the features of the motivation of professional activity of employees of enterprises, 2 methods were used: the questionnaire “Motivation of professional activity” by K. Zamfira (modified by A.A. Rean) allows you to determine the structure of the motivational complex of the personality and the questionnaire of I.G. Kokurina “Dictionary”, which allows diagnosing the semantic orientations of employees of enterprises, as well as identifying the semantic motives of professional activity. Diagnostic tools are due to the peculiarity of enterprises and the possibility of a comprehensive study of the motivation for professional activities of their employees. The study involved 126 employees of Belgorod enterprises. In order to identify the dynamics of changes in the types of motivation and content motives of the professional activities of enterprises, depending on the length of service, we divided the sample into 5 groups: 1 group consisted of employees whose professional experience is less than 5 years, 2 groups - employees with experience from 5 to 10 years , 3 groups - employees with experience from 10 to 15 years, 4 groups - employees with experience from 15 to 20 years, 5 groups - employees with experience over 20 years. During the study, it was revealed that most employees of enterprises are dominated by external positive motivation and resulting orientation towards professional activities. The results of a comparative analysis made it possible to conclude that there are differences in the types of motivation and types of semantic orientation of employees depending on the experience of professional activity, namely: the more experience, the more pronounced the internal motivation over external and procedural orientation over the resulting.
Keywords: motivation of professional activity, internal motivation, external positive motivation, external negative motivation, semantic orientation of employees, procedural orientation of employees
References:
1. Bessokirnaya G. P. Motivatsiya truda rabochikh: praktika i teoretiko-metodicheskiye problemy izucheniya na rossiyskikh promyshlennykh predpriyatiyakh [Motivation of workers’ work: practice and theoretical and methodological problems of studying at Russian industrial enterprises]. Sotsial’no-trudovye issledovaniya – Social and Labour Research, 2020, no. 3 (40), pp. 132–147 (in Russian).
2. Osin E. N., Gorbunova A. A., Gordeyeva T. O., Ivanova T. Yu., Kosheleva N. V., Ovchinnikova E. Yu. Professiona’naya motivatsiya sotrudnikov rossiyskikh predpriyatiy: diagnostika i svyazi s blagopoluchiem i uspeshnost’yu deyatel’nosti [Professional motivation of employees of Russian enterprises: diagnostics and links with the well-being and success of activities]. Organizatsionnaya psikhologiya – Organizational Psychology, 2017, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 21–49 (in Russian).
3. Andryuhina I. Yu., Karama L. L. Novye podkhody k motivatsii truda rabotnikov gosudarstvennykh i munitsipal’nykh predpriyatiy [New approaches to the motivation of employees of state and municipal enterprises]. Izvestiya Baltiyskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii rybopromyslovogo flota: psikhologo-pedagogicheskiye nauki, 2020, no. 2 (52), pp. 17–25 (in Russian).
4. Izmaylov M. K., Kobzev V. V. Motivatsiya personala na predpriyatiyakh mashinostroeniya [Motivation of personnel at mechanical engineering enterprises]. Osnovnye tendentsii razvitiya ekonomiki i upravleniya v sovremennoy Rossii: materialy VIII Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii studentov i molodykh uchenykh [The main trends in the development of economics and management in modern Russia: materials of the VIII All-Russian scientific conference of students and young scientists]. 2019. Pp. 232–234 (in Russian).
5. Musina V. P. Motivatsiya kak vedushchiy faktor uspekha professional’noy deyatel’nosti v organizatsii [Motivation as a leading factor in the success of professional activity in the organization]. Alma Mater (Vestnik vysshey shkoly), 2017, no. 8, pp. 80–87 (in Russian).
6. Kokurina I. G. Sotsial’no-psikhologicheskiy analiz smysloobrazuyushchey funktsii motivatsii zhiznedeyatel’nosti sotsial’nogo individa [Socio-psychological analysis of the meaning-forming function of motivation of the life activity of a social individual]. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta, Seriya 14. Psikhologiya – The Moscow University Herald. Series 14. Psychology, 2007, no. 1, pp. 73–86 (in Russian).
7. Motivatsiya i stimulirovaniye trudovoy deyatel’nosti: uchebnik [Motivation and stimulation of work activity: textbook]. Ed. A.Ya. Kibanova. Moscow, INFRA-M Publ., 2010. 524 p. (in Russian).
8. Shakhovoy V. A., Shapiro S. A. Motivatsiya trudovoy deyatel’nosti: uchebnoye posobiye [Motivation of work activity: study guide]. Moscow, Berlin, Direkt-Media Publ., 2015. 425 p. (in Russian).
9. Mishurova I. V. Upravleniye motivatsiey personala [Staff motivation management]. Moscow, Feniks, MarT Publ., 2016. 272 p. (in Russian).
10. Mermann E. Motivatsiya personala. Instrumenty motivatsii dlya uspekha organizatsii [Staff motivation. Motivation tools for the success of the organization]. Translation from German. KHarkov, Gumanitarnyy Tsentr Publ., 2007. 184 p. (in Russian).
11. Il’in E. P. Motivatsiya i motivy: uchebnoye posobiye [Motivation and motives: study guide]. Saint Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2011. 508 p. (in Russian).
12. Ermolov N. A., Karlova E. N. Motivatsiya professional’noy deyatel’nosti kak nauchnaya kategoriya v sotsial’nykh i gumanitarnykh naukakh [Motivation of professional activity as a scientific category in social sciences and humanities]. Sotsiologicheskiye nauki: Evraziyskiy nauchnyy zhurnal, 2018, no. 1 (in Russian).
13. Ryan R. Self-determination theory in schools of education. Teoriya samodeterminatsii [Self-determination theory]. URL: http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2009_RyanNiemiec_TRE.pdf (accessed 15 December 2022).
14. Deci E. Self-Determination Theory: A macrotheory of Human Motivation, Development, and Health. Teoriya samodeterminatsii [Self-determination theory]. URL: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a32f/3435bb06e362704551cc62c7df3ef2f16ab1.pdf (accessed 15 December 2022).
( 602.3 kB ) 
( 586.46 kB )
Issue: 4, 2023
Series of issue: Issue 4
Rubric: PSYCHOLOGY
Pages: 179 — 190
Downloads: 367