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RISKS OF “TOUCH CONTROL” (TOUCHSCREEN) IN COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN // Pedagogical Review. 2021. Issue 3 (37). P. 230-240

The current situation is characterized by increasing globalization, digitalization, mass communication, etc. However, the problems associated with cognitive activity will always be a priority since they not only ensure continuity in knowledge transfer, but also encourage further development. Though, the very definition of the concept of “cognitive activity” has not been presented in the scientific literature yet. Therefore, the authors’ interpretation is offered as a novelty: cognitive activity is a purposeful study of the surrounding reality by an individual when he/she acquires (clarifies, expands, etc.) knowledge, corrects ideas about subjects and objects of this reality, learns and develops skills providing comprehension of the surrounding reality and its modifications. Based on the logic of the concept presented, the authors study the risks of organizing cognitive activity in preschool children in the process of using digital gadgets. The basis of the material is the analysis of domestic and foreign publications on the stated problem. A number of researchers consider the impact of digital devices on the development process as a positive one, while others see the risks of using gadgets. Materials of foreign studies related to 2016 are distinguished by their interest in this issue, restrained optimism and an attitude towards further research. However, by 2018, the tone of the researchers’ conclusions regarding the use of digital devices by preschool children had undergone a change from neutrally interested to cautiously anxious (Graafland J. H., Rocha B, Nunes C. et al.). It is proved that a long stay of schoolchildren in the digital environment (passive cognitive development) has implications because of the decrease in the ability to form and operate with knowledge, which is the basis of cognitive activity. Nevertheless, the “digital world” is evolving, so further research is needed in order to prepare the younger generation for cognitive activity in the surrounding reality, not only “here and now,” but also in the distant future.

Keywords: cognitive activity, preschool children, digital reality, digital natives, pros and cons of using digital gadgets

Predictors of coping with posttraumatic stress in children affected by armed conflict // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 163-172

A review of scientific work in the field of optimizing the psychological well-being of children injured during hostilities over the past 20 years is presented. Children who witness combat have been found to be at risk for post-traumatic stress disorder. There are often publications in foreign publications about the need for the prevention and correction of post-traumatic stress in children affected by armed conflicts. Foreign researchers come to an unambiguous conclusion about the influence of the style of family upbringing on the vulnerability of children to stressful influences in the aftermath of military actions. Also, an important factor in the formation of vulnerability to negative impact on the child’s psychic is the level of their resilience and psychological well-being. Based on the results of this review, it can be concluded that stable connections with parents and other referents are an important predictor of post-traumatic growth and psychological well-being of children. Along with the traditional consideration of the problem of post-traumatic stress disorder, the authors also consider a new approach to the interpretation of this concept, which has been defined as complex post-traumatic stress disorder, considering not only the well-known symptoms such as intrusions, rumination, escapism, and inability to control arousal, but also the lack of ability to maintain social relationships with others, regulate one’s own emotions, and a sense of vulnerability. This review will allow further identification of exposure targets for the organization of psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of war-affected children. Understanding the mechanisms of risk behavior formation and protective factors that lead to impaired psychological health or maladaptation increases the possibility of effective psychological assistance to children.

Keywords: psychological well-being of children, children affected by armed conflicts, posttraumatic stress, prevention and correction of post-traumatic stress, predictors of coping with posttraumatic stress, post-traumatic growth