Karpievich Viktor Aleksandrovich Outstanding scientist and psychologist Viktor Pavlovich Sheynov is 85 years old! // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 2 (60). P. 91-94

The article is dedicated to the anniversary of Viktor Pavlovich Sheynov, a well-known modern psychologist and an active author of the journal “Scientific and Pedagogical Review”. Professor V.P. Sheynov’s research interests include personality psychology, general, social, pedagogical and cross-cultural psychology, conflictology, psychodiagnostics, and psychometrics. Being an authoritative specialist in the field of psychological research, Viktor Pavlovich has gained wide recognition due to a large number of scientific and scientific-practical publications. He is the author of more than 400 scientific papers – on psychology (including 21 monographs), sociology, mathematics, as well as more than 40 books on practical psychology.

Keywords: V.P. Sheinov, monographs, conflict management, psychological influence

Serdyukova Nadezhda Sergeyevna, Hudezhichaolu . Problems of decorative perception in the open air among students of art faculties of pedagogical universities // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 2 (60). P. 63-70

The article is devoted to the study of decorative perception as a psychological process in the context of students’ educational and creative activities during plein air practice. The skills acquired by students to study and correctly reproduce real-world objects help them in expressive stylization of nature, since only through knowledge of the subject is it possible to reveal it in the most creative way. However, having mastered the skills of realistic depiction of nature in accordance with the laws of visual literacy, senior students demonstrate an inability to depict nature decoratively. Difficulties in the transition from a realistic image to a decorative one may indicate an insufficiently developed decorative perception in students. The authors examine the psychological difficulties faced by senior students of art faculties when creating decorative sketches in nature. The study includes an analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, observation of students’ visual activities, viewing plein air works in order to identify typical mistakes and the introduction of research results into the educational process. Based on theoretical and practical data, the authors conclude that students’ psychological problems are related specifically to decorative perception, since students do not fully understand what needs to be seen in nature. Viewing students’ plein air works confirms a low level of decorative perception, which is reflected in the absence of such features as: emotional and sensory perception of the landscape, originality of ideas, expressiveness of color, search for the stereotypical and individual, use of stylization, ability to highlight key features and combine details, create a holistic pictorial sketch. The study confirms the need for further study of this problem to reveal the methodological possibilities of plein air practice.

Keywords: perception, decorative sketch, image, design, composition

Pozdeeva Svetlana Ivanovna, Reviakina Valentina Ivanovna, Smyslyaeva Larisa Germanovna, Neradovskaya Olga Ramazanovna On the 25th anniversary of the Dissertation Council of Tomsk State Pedagogical University on Pedagogical Sciences // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 1 (59). P. 161-166

On December 13, 2024, Tomsk State Pedagogical University hosted a round table dedicated to the anniversary of the Dissertation Council. Its participants were: Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Valentina Ivanovna Revyakina, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Svetlana Ivanovna Pozdeeva, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences Larisa Germanovna Smyshlyaeva, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences Olga Ramazanovna Neradovskaya, members of the dissertation council, graduate students and applicants. The results of the work of the dissertation council were summarized at the round table: the number and quality of dissertations in pedagogical sciences defended since 1999 were analyzed; the actual topics and problems of research on general pedagogy and pedagogy of vocational education were identified, their connection with the directions of modernization of Russian education and the development of domestic pedagogical science was shown. The main trends in the development of pedagogical theory and educational practice were identified: concepts of modern childhood as a sociocultural phenomenon, changes in the content and quality of teaching activities, educational and social innovations in various fields of education, new research methods. The participants in the discussion came to the conclusion that TSPU has created an ecosystem of support and development of research in the field of education: a dissertation council, a postgraduate school, a research laboratory for the quality of scientific and pedagogical research and a school for teacher-researchers for graduate students and applicants.

Keywords: pedagogical science, dissertation research, subject of dissertations, research directions

Sazonova Nataliya Ivanovna, Mukhin Oleg Nikolaevich Olympiad as a way to diagnose the subject functional literacy of a future history teacher (experience of Tomsk State Pedagogical University) // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 32-43

The experience of Tomsk State Pedagogical University in the field of functional literacy diagnostics of future history teachers within the framework of the student Olympiad is presented. It is shown that the subject functional literacy of the future teacher is the basis of his functional literacy as a teacher. It is revealed that the Olympiad is one of the most effective ways to diagnose the level of functional literacy due to the multidisciplinary nature of the Olympiad questions and tasks, as well as the specifics of the format. Two stages of diagnostics of subject functional literacy in the framework of the Olympiad are proposed: related to the determination of the general level of reading, information, natural science and mathematical literacy, and related to the diagnosis of the formation of global competencies and creative thinking. The diagnostic results are presented, which showed high and average levels of reading, information, natural science, and mathematical literacy, but insufficient training of students in the field of global competencies and creative thinking. It is concluded that the identified shortcomings should become the basis for further work in this direction.

Keywords: history of Russia, functional literacy, subject Olympiad, reading literacy, information literacy, creative thinking, global competencies, students

Madzhuga Anatoliy Gennadyevich, Gumerova Oksana Vladimirovna, Berezhnaya Svetlana Gennadyevna, Kalimullina Guzel Ibragimovna Mentoring in the school-to-school system in the context of the priorities of modern education in Russia // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 62-73

The article considers the problem of mentoring in the school-to-school system as one of the key mechanisms for improving the quality of education in the context of the priorities of modern education in Russia. Mentoring between schools allows not only to strengthen the professional development of teachers, but also to create conditions for a sustainable exchange of best practices between educational institutions. This type of mentoring allows not only to strengthen the professional development of teachers, but also to create conditions for a sustainable exchange of best practices between educational institutions. The article discusses methodological approaches to the implementation of the school-to-school mentoring model in Russia and abroad, as well as factors that influence the success of this form of interaction. In the course of the research, a conceptual analysis of domestic and international experience was carried out, which allows us to identify the most effective practices and offer recommendations for the further development of the mentoring system in Russia. Special attention is paid to the methodological aspects of mentoring and its impact on the quality of education, as well as the conditions conducive to the successful implementation of mentoring programs in Russia and abroad. In conclusion, the conclusions are presented on the need to introduce innovative mentoring models into educational practice and strengthen interaction between educational institutions to solve the urgent problems of modern schools.

Keywords: mentoring, school-to-school mentoring, educational priorities, Russian education, foreign experience, professional development of teachers, interaction of educational institutions, exchange of best practices, government programs, quality of education

Alekseyenko Kirill Petrovich Perceptions of moral behavior and its spiritual and moral regulation in classical theories of foreign psychology and modern research // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 142-152

The article delves into the intricate landscape of moral development and moral identity, synthesizing the perspectives of various scientific disciplines. It emphasizes the differing definitions of moral behavior as articulated through cognitivism, behaviorism, and humanistic psychology, showcasing how each framework contributes to our understanding of ethical conduct. By examining current empirical research, the article uncovers the complex interplay of factors and mechanisms that underpin moral behavior, including prosocial actions, moral emotions, and the crucial role of self-regulation. Furthermore, the study aims to bridge classical psychological theories with contemporary findings, highlighting how foundational concepts have evolved and been validated through modern empirical studies. This exploration not only enriches our comprehension of moral psychology but also situates moral behavior within a broader context of spiritual and moral regulation. By integrating theoretical insights with empirical evidence, the article seeks to offer a comprehensive overview of moral behavior, providing a nuanced understanding of how psychological principles inform our moral identities and actions. Ultimately, this analysis underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in addressing the complexities of morality in human behavior, fostering deeper insights into ethical development in various contexts.

Keywords: moral behavior, morality, spiritual and moral regulation, moral identity, moral feelings

Kalugin Vladislav Andreyevich, Kurilenko Lyudmila Vasilyevna Philosophical substantiation of the axiological approach in the study of pedagogical phenomena // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 44-53

The modern humanistic system of higher education in the Russian Federation is characterized by a desire for socio-cultural and spiritual development of the individual, education of a person of culture and a broad outlook. In this regard, in pedagogical research there is an increased attention to values, value orientations, value relations and other axiological concepts, the totality of which acts, on the one hand, as a significant component of personality as a subject of socio-cultural life, and on the other hand, as a significant component of a professional involved in the working life of society. The relevance of value issues in vocational education encourages teachers to turn to an axiological approach – a set of tools and methods that contribute to the formation of moral consciousness, universal and professional values, value attitude towards their profession and their work among future specialists. Philosophical concepts such as value orientations, value orientations, and value attitude to life are becoming increasingly important. In this article, we have tried to provide a philosophical justification for the axiological approach to the study of pedagogical phenomena, since the approach we are studying exists at the junction of philosophy and pedagogy and is implemented only through philosophical and pedagogical understanding.

Keywords: higher education, professional education, axiological approach, value, value attitude, value orientations

Bystrova Yuliya Aleksandrovna, Lapp Elena Aleksandrovna Pedagogical tools for developing social competencies in senior preschoolers // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 74-83

The article presents the results of a study on the use of pedagogical tools for the formation of social competencies in preschoolers. The study used the following methods, which together with the forms and means of work constitute a pedagogical toolkit: a problem-based learning method for the purpose of developing socially oriented thinking; a method of modeling life situations for the purpose of launching collective thought processes in a group of preschoolers; a case method for the purpose of preschoolers mastering the algorithms of socially approved behavior. The article presents four main components of the development of social competence in a preschooler, developed by the authors’ team: content – based on the social awareness of the preschooler; personal-regulatory – based on the development of reflection in pupils; emotional – based on the sensory experience of children; behavioral – consolidation of new knowledge in practice and the transfer of formed skills to new conditions. The article presents the results of using pedagogical tools for the development of each component of social competence in preschoolers. The article presents recommendations for teachers on working with pedagogical tools: cases of social and everyday situations; fairy tale cases; time control cases, daily routine control cases; photo cases; cases of events that children know well. The authors introduce readers to the results of a formative experiment using pedagogical tools for working with preschoolers.

Keywords: senior preschoolers, preschool age, personality, social competencies, components of social competence, social skill, pedagogical tools, socialization

Grigoryeva Marina Vladimirovna Types of adaptation readiness of students and university teachers // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 121-129

The article contains the results of an empirical study aimed at identifying the types of adaptation readiness of higher education subjects. Scientific knowledge about the types of adaptation readiness will improve the effectiveness of interactions in the educational environment of universities and improve the quality of higher education. The study involved 386 students (average age (21.6 ± 3.4) years, male 40 %) and 152 teachers (average age (51.2 ± 12.6) years, male 22.7 %) from universities in Saratov, Moscow, Samara, Volgograd, Penza, Stavropol, Yaroslavl and others. The method of diagnosing adaptive readiness by M.V. Grigoryeva was used, and cluster analysis was used as a statistical method. Based on the results of the analysis, 6 types of adaptive readiness of teachers and 4 types of adaptive readiness of students were interpreted and conclusions were formulated. 1. The types of adaptive readiness of teachers are distinguished more clearly compared to the group of students. Students have a greater variety of types of adaptive readiness and a more diffuse distinction between them. 2. Students have difficulties in developing adaptive readiness associated with a lack of understanding of the essence of changes, their states in new situations and a lack of understanding of the people around them.

Keywords: adaptation readiness, students, university teachers, types of adaptation readiness

Pigarev Aleksandr Yuryevich Development of computational skills using computer trainers in physics // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 84-92

The paper is devoted to the problem of developing computational skills necessary for solving computational problems in physics. The problem is especially relevant for participants in the state final certification in physics, balancing on the verge of the minimum score. The source of the problem leading to insufficient development of computational skills in students is identified: starting from the 7th grade, little attention is paid to computational work. The results of testing computer simulators created by the author are presented. The testing took place on students of preparatory courses for the state certification in physics. The simulator “Formulas in Physics” develops the skill of finding unknown physical quantities. Its substantive basis is physics formulas that must be remembered for successful passing of the state final certification. 92 such formulas were selected. There are formulas for the solution of which one action is required. For example, Newton’s Second Law. There are formulas for the solution of which three or more actions are required. For example, the formula of a thin lens. The student sequentially finds each physical quantity included in the formula, based on the known others. In case of an error, it is recommended to repeat the exercise. The problem of computational errors remains when solving equations in three or more steps for students with insufficient working memory, while the probability of errors decreases to 10 %. There are about 6–13 % of such students. The “Rounding Numbers” trainer develops the skill of rounding the obtained result to the required digit. During testing, the trainer was changed: a reminder of the rounding rules was added for each error, which increased its effectiveness: students began to master this computational skill faster.

Keywords: computational skills, solving physics problems, computer trainers, working memory

Volodin Vladimir Vladimirovich Existential concepts in the family upbringing of primary school children (using the concepts of “meaning”, “freedom”, “fear”, “love” and “death” as an example) // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 112-120

The results of an empirical study are presented. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire, which was attended by 120 parents raising children aged 7–11 years. It was found that parents are aware of the importance of the existential concepts of “meaning”, “freedom”, “fear”, “love” and “death” in family education; these concepts are discussed in families mainly several times a month; both adults and children are the initiators of discussions; The difficulties for parents are: lack of time, lack of pedagogical tools, inability to explain to a younger student the essence of these concepts in connection with his age characteristics. Recommendations are formulated for parents to improve their work with existential concepts in the process of family education: it is advisable to assist a child in understanding existential concepts from primary school age; familiarization of children with existential concepts should be carried out through a joint assessment and interpretation of their life events; in the process of working with existential concepts, it is necessary to use pedagogical tools based on the personal reflection of a younger student (the method of moral dilemmas, social tests, dialogue, keeping personal diaries and their analogues, diagnostic map, portfolio design of personal self-development, metaphorical associative maps). The results obtained in the course of the study can serve as the main basis for the development of methodological support for the education and upbringing of younger schoolchildren in terms of the formation of their existential sphere.

Keywords: existential concepts, meaning, freedom, fear, love, death, family education, junior high school student

Bayanova Larisa Faritovna, Shishova Evgeniya Olegovna, Volkova Svetlana Vitalyevna Features of the development of emotional intelligence of junior schoolchildren in the context of the emotional state of their mothers // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 93-103

The article examines the role of the mother’s emotional state in the development of the emotional intelligence of a child of primary school age. The implementation of the federal state standard for primary general education determines the high importance of moral education, the development of ethical feelings, emotional and moral responsiveness, goodwill, understanding and empathy for the feelings of other people. According to the provisions of L.S. Vygotsky on the synergy of the intellectual and emotional-volitional spheres of the individual, it is impossible to consider the processes of cognition in isolation from emotions, which is certainly reflected in increasing the efficiency of functioning and successful socialization of the child. The purpose of the study is to study the characteristics of the development of emotional intelligence of children of primary school age in conjunction with the emotional background of mothers in relation to their children through assessing their sensitivity, emotional acceptance and behavioral manifestations of emotional interaction. The results obtained revealed the importance of positive healthy parent-child relationships in the development of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy and social skills, as well as the formation of the emotional well-being of primary schoolchildren. The family is the first school of emotional literacy and the most important environment in which emotional competencies are formed.

Keywords: emotional intelligence, child-parent relationships, emotional state of mothers, primary schoolchildren

Bogatyrev Kirill Alekseyevich Metacognitive biases in the educational experience of graduate students // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 104-111

The issue of manifestation of metacognitive distortions in educational experience of postgraduate students is considered. The Dunning–Kruger effect is considered as the main distortion, which occurs when individuals underestimate or overestimate their own abilities. An empirical study was conducted demonstrating the influence of the Dunning–Kruger effect on full-time postgraduate students of the Moscow Psychological and Social University. The study revealed that metacognitive distortions can affect the learning process and professional development; the decision to defend a dissertation may depend on overcoming crisis situations. First-year postgraduate students exaggerate their competence, incorrectly assess their knowledge and abilities. Second-year postgraduate students face a crisis of motivation, the percentage of academic leaves and expulsions increases. Third-year postgraduate students gradually normalize their emotional and psychological state and successfully defend dissertations or remain at the same level and defend them after a significant break. The study may be useful for methodologists, representatives of the teaching staff, and university administration, as it helps to consider the individual characteristics of postgraduate students as young specialists and to design training programs in such a way as to consider their needs and interests.

Keywords: metacognitive biases, Dunning–Kruger effect, students’ educational experience, self-assessment of competencies, impostor phenomenon, professional identity

Danilova Marina Viktorovna Life guidelines as a resource for formating the system of value orientations of modern high school students // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 153-164

The article presents the results of analysing the correlation between values` orientations and life guidelines of high school students. The sample consists of 270 students of 10th – 11th grades 15–17 years old (134 boys and 136 girls). Methods: questionnaire of respondents’ socio-demographic data and questions about the degree of importance of different fields of life activity; method “Study of the peculiarities of value orientations formation”; refined and finalized questionnaire of life guidelines Results: the data on the state of the system of values` orientations of high school students are presented; the questionnaire of life guidelines for respondents of 15–17 years old was refined and the main directions of their life guidelines were revealed. It is shown that the system of values` orientations of 15–17 year old high school students is not mature and poorly differentiated by substantive characteristics as well as gender and age. This is not only its weakness, but also its development resources. Values` orientations can be formed together with and on the basis of life guidelines as far as they are more dynamic and are largely based on the direct tasks of age development, clear and understandable to high school students. It is shown that the senior school age is a sensitive period for the formation of the value-semantic sphere of personality, especially for the development of life guidelines.

Keywords: high school students, values, life-meaning orientations, life orientations, life guidelines

Sereda Alena Vladimirovna, Igna Olga Nikolaevna Domestic scientific research on classroom management at school // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 165-176

The article is devoted to the analysis of domestic scientific research on class management at school. The role of the class teacher is increasing in Russian educational institutions. The changes are related to the rethinking of the educational process in these institutions. In connection with the transformation of the educational system in Russia, class teachers are faced with new tasks, functions and requirements that are determined by the demands of society and the state. At present, a large volume of research on the problem of class management has been accumulated in domestic science. A significant portion of them are devoted to educational activities within the framework of class management. There is a need to systematize the existing experience. Based on the analysis, three large groups of studies were identified. The first group of studies is devoted to the history of the formation and development of class management in our country. The second group defines modern trends and directions in the work of a class teacher, reflecting the functions and / or directions of the educational activity of the teacher. The third group is devoted to the issues of training class teachers in modern conditions in accordance with the requirements and modern demands of the education system.

Keywords: class teacher, class management, research on class management, educational activities, upbringing

Dorfman Leonid Yakovlevich Integral individuality as a scientific theory // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 130-141

Merlin considered integral individuality as scientific theory. He showed there were many traits with diverse origins. They varied from biochemical to socio-psychological. But their commonality was outside the focus. Merlin based his theory on new criteria. He accepted diversity and plurality of traits. At the same time, he attempted to overcome disunity by integrating them. First, “individuality” reveals unity of traits. Second, connections between traits complement their composition. Third, structure adds to composition. From this view, individual traits can coexist and function together despite diversity. The goal is to test this by integrating traits. Merlin’s approach allows solving this issue. Initial concepts are levels, polymorphism, mediation, and types of regularities. As a result, traits emerge across levels. Causal regularities manage connections within levels. Teleological regularities manage between-level connections. Polymorphic connections can change under mediation. All of this is a basis of the theory of integral individuality. It forms foundation for new field expanding personality and individual differences research. Paper outlines progress of Merlin’s theory and implications for practice. To summarize, Merlin’s theory brings a brief look.

Keywords: integral individuality, scientific, theory, connections, levels, polymorphisms mediation, causal and teleological regularities

Vinokurova Ekaterina Nikolaevna, Kuzheleva-Sagan Irina Petrovna Socio-philosophical foundations of the special course “Anti-utopias as artistic projections of the digital society risks” for master’s students of classical universities // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 7-18

The aim of the article is to explicate the socio-philosophical foundations of the special course “Anti-utopias as artistic projections of the digital society risks” for master’s students of classical universities. These socio-philosophical foundations include the concept of risk society and world risk society by U. Beck; the critical theory of digitalisation and communication by D. Berry and K. Fuchs; the concept of future prediction by J. Urry; the theory of the social construction of reality by P. Berger and T. Lukmann; the concept of the self-fulfilling prophecy by R. Merton; the concept of the imaginary presented in the works of J.-P. Sartre and N.N. Suvorov, as well as critical discourse analysis (CDA) by N. Fairclough. The article provides the substantiation of the timeliness of the development and implementation of the special course in the programs of Master’s degree and specialized higher education of classical universities in the context of the Russian higher education system transformation and the risky nature of the modern digital society. The article presents the tasks and thematic plan of the special course. It describes the experience of its approbation in the National Research Tomsk State University within the framework of the Master’s program “Digital Brand Management” in the direction of training 42.04.01 “Advertising and Public Relations”. The results of the special course “Anti-utopias as artistic projections of the digital society risks” approbation demonstrated the interest of master’s students in exploring the potential of anti-utopian literature to identify and structure the risks of the digital society in order to develop further strategies for their prevention and prejudice.

Keywords: higher education, classical university, master’s student, risks of digital society, social forecasting, artistic anti-utopia, socio-philosophical foundations

Kochkina Darya Dmitriyevna Parish care as a strategy of pedagogical support for children // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 19-31

The relevance of the study lies in identifying the specifics of parish care, social and pedagogical activity in an Orthodox parish, as an area of pedagogical support; the concept of pedagogical support in the context of the issue under consideration is clarified. The novelty lies in the description of the pedagogical tactics of care as a variant of pedagogical support that arises in the circumstances of interaction between children and parish teachers. The center of communication development within the parish is the meeting of two actors: a person and another person (social aspect), a person and his “secret” “I” (psychological aspect), a person and God (theological aspect). Care as a tactic of pedagogical support is based on practice, the central category and the basis of parish interaction between children and a teacher. The category of practice in care manifests itself when the teacher strives to live and experience together with the child events that are equally significant for them. The tactics of care as the most natural cultural practice for the Orthodox tradition can underlie the developed strategy of parish care of children, which, in turn, is characterized by typical features identified in the study. Depending on the trends in the functioning of parish care of children, teachers can choose other pedagogical tactics that differ from the tactics of pedagogical support for children. In addition, the article identifies problems that hinder the dissemination and application of tactics of pedagogical support in Orthodox parishes.

Keywords: parish care, pedagogical support, tactics of care, religious education, religious socialization, Orthodox parish

Tsarev Vjacheslav Nikolaevich From word to gesture: conveying the semantic nuances of a literary work in conducting // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 3 (61). P. 54-61

Noting the complexity and multifaceted nature of conducting art, the author emphasizes the need for a deep understanding of the historical and theoretical context of musical performance for the successful training of the conductor’s professional activity, setting the goal of mastering by students the methods of transferring the semantic nuances of the literary text in the conductor’s gesture and offer a step-by-step technology of effective work with the text in the preparation of choral performance by the conductor. In order to realize the set goal, we used methods of teaching conducting, comparative analysis of approaches to teaching conducting of vocal-choral music and interpretation of literary text in conducting gesture, which is a complex and insufficiently studied problem. The step-by-step technology of solving the creative problem of interpreting the semantic content of the text of a vocal-choral work in the conductor’s gesture is demonstrated in the mastering by foreign students of conducting choral works by Russian authors, which determines the novelty of the study. The results of the study demonstrate the necessity of special training for working with literary text in vocal-choral music, which expands the existing ideas about the methodology of teaching conducting. They can be used to develop new methodological recommendations for training conductors, with an emphasis on working with the literary text and conveying its semantic nuances through gesture.

Keywords: conducting profession, choral conducting, conducting gesture language, interpretation of the content of a literary text in conducting

Vodyakha Sergey Anatolyevich, Vodyakha Yulia Evgenievna, Krylova Svetlana Gennadyevna Predictors of coping with posttraumatic stress in children affected by armed conflict // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 163-172

A review of scientific work in the field of optimizing the psychological well-being of children injured during hostilities over the past 20 years is presented. Children who witness combat have been found to be at risk for post-traumatic stress disorder. There are often publications in foreign publications about the need for the prevention and correction of post-traumatic stress in children affected by armed conflicts. Foreign researchers come to an unambiguous conclusion about the influence of the style of family upbringing on the vulnerability of children to stressful influences in the aftermath of military actions. Also, an important factor in the formation of vulnerability to negative impact on the child’s psychic is the level of their resilience and psychological well-being. Based on the results of this review, it can be concluded that stable connections with parents and other referents are an important predictor of post-traumatic growth and psychological well-being of children. Along with the traditional consideration of the problem of post-traumatic stress disorder, the authors also consider a new approach to the interpretation of this concept, which has been defined as complex post-traumatic stress disorder, considering not only the well-known symptoms such as intrusions, rumination, escapism, and inability to control arousal, but also the lack of ability to maintain social relationships with others, regulate one’s own emotions, and a sense of vulnerability. This review will allow further identification of exposure targets for the organization of psychological and pedagogical rehabilitation of war-affected children. Understanding the mechanisms of risk behavior formation and protective factors that lead to impaired psychological health or maladaptation increases the possibility of effective psychological assistance to children.

Keywords: psychological well-being of children, children affected by armed conflicts, posttraumatic stress, prevention and correction of post-traumatic stress, predictors of coping with posttraumatic stress, post-traumatic growth

Petrova Elena Yuryevna, Ershova Tatyana Vladimirovna The use of cartographic games in geography lessons // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 62-73

The problem of the formation of cartographic skills among schoolchildren in the process of studying geography was considered. The normative and legal documents have been studied, which determine the importance of the formation of schoolchildren’ skills to work with a geographical map. School geography textbooks were analyzed for the presence of tasks for working with a geographical map. The game as a type of human activity and the didactic game as an educational activity of schoolchildren were described. The definition of a cartographic game with its features and components has been given. Examples of cartographic games developed by the authors for each course of school geography were given in this article. The methods of forming the cartographic skills of schoolchildren during the performance of tasks were described. The purpose of the article is to describe the rules, structure and tasks of cartographic games that can be conducted in different types of geography lessons to develop the skills to work with geographical maps, systematize the information received, consolidate the existing knowledge gained. Cartographic games are described (a topographic game based on the fairy tale “Geese-Swans”, a travel game “World Ocean”, a board game “Experts in Australia”, “Eurasia” based on the image of the television game “Own Game”, “Sights of Russia” and “Cities of Russia”) based on the material of various school geography courses, examples of tasks performed by schoolchildren. The results of the control work carried out after the use of cartographic games in geography lessons showed that this type of activity increases motivation to learn, contributes to the formation of cartographic literacy, improves the quality of students’ learning of new material and improves the learning of schoolchildren.

Keywords: cartography, cartographic games, cartographic skills, techniques for developing cartographic skills, quality of training, geography lessons

Velikov Maksim Sergeyevich, Safronova Elena Yuryevna Systems of teaching military vocabulary in the Russian as a foreign language course for foreign cadets at the universities of the Ministry of Defense // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 92-103

TThe article deals with the problem of the urgent need to change the linguodidactic paradigm of teaching Russian as a foreign language in higher education institutions of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, and substantiates the methodological and methodical principles underlying the design of a course in which Russian language teaching is conducted by “immersion” in the language of specialty. At the present stage, the methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language should be characterized by flexibility, adaptability, ethnospecific and professionally oriented orientation. Teaching military vocabulary to foreigners should represent a holistic and phased system of tasks of varying degrees of complexity, aimed at the formation of linguistic and professional competencies. Teachers of Russian as a foreign language successfully use various methodological techniques, methods of semantization of unfamiliar words: word-formation analysis, search for synonyms, homonyms, etc. An interactive illustrated dictionary of military vocabulary and a system of tasks aimed at consolidating this material can also help in solving this task. At the first stage of the study, the authors selected thematic groups of professional vocabulary necessary for initial acquaintance with military service and training in the higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense. At the first stage of the study, the authors selected thematic groups of professional vocabulary necessary for initial acquaintance with military service and training at the higher educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense. The following groups were singled out: “Military ranks”, ‘Military units’, ‘Military positions’, ‘Weapons’, ‘Military uniforms’, ‘Uniforms’, ‘Military uniforms’, ‘Military life’. Further, the dictionary article was created as a creolized text: the definition of each concept was supplemented with an actual image. Such a dictionary of military vocabulary corresponds to the concept of a modern textbook as a polycoded text that contributes to the deepening of foreign cadets’ linguistic and professional knowledge and prepares them for the transition from the reproductive function of speech to the creative, free mastery of professional vocabulary.

Keywords: pedagogical design, Russian as a foreign language, system of teaching military vocabulary, military sublanguage, creolized text

Puzyreva Lyubava Olegovna Correlation of impostor syndrome with psychological characteristics of specialists of technical and humanitarian professions // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 137-147

The article describes the phenomenon of impostor syndrome, characterized by doubts in one’s own professional abilities, fear of exposure and the feeling of inconsistency with the occupied role, despite objective achievements. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient study of the phenomenon in the context of professional characteristics of different groups. The aim of the work is to identify the relationships of impostor syndrome with professional characteristics such as self-efficacy, professional motivation, perfectionism and personality traits from the “Big Five” model, to determine the specifics for groups of representatives of technical and humanitarian professions. Seventy-five people representing technical and humanitarian professions participated in the study. A set of methods was used to assess the expression of the impostor phenomenon, professional motivation, perfectionism, self-efficacy and personality traits. The analysis showed that in representatives of humanitarian professions the impostor phenomenon is associated with a high level of benevolence and openness to experience, as well as the expression of pathological perfectionism and dependence on external motivation. In technical specialists, the impostor phenomenon is associated with a low level of self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation and openness to new experience.

Keywords: impostor syndrome, professional motivation, perfectionism, self-efficacy, personality traits

Orlova Olga Vyacheslavovna, Kirichenko Elena Yuryevna Comparative analysis of verbs of motion in Russian and Chinese in the process of teaching Russian to Chinese students // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 74-82

The article presents a comparative analysis of the key characteristics of the Russian and Chinese verb systems of motion as a methodological aid for a teacher of Russian as a foreign language working in an audience of Chinese-speaking learners. The semantic features underlying the motion pictures in both languages are described, as well as the hierarchy of these features, i.e., the order of which feature comes first when selecting a motion verb, which feature comes second, etc. Since the semantic features mandatory for verb selection in Russian are not in the basic constructions expressing the semantics of movement in Chinese, it is advisable to focus Chinese learners’ attention on the mandatory conscious cognitive action of expressing these features when selecting a verb in speech activity in Russian. Numerous exercises for reproducing these verbs in already prepared utterances or microtexts, as well as translation exercises from Chinese into Russian and back again, can be of particular help here. In addition, an effective way to optimize the learning of Russian verbs of motion can be the adaptation of the material of basic textbooks, which are actively used in the teaching process, to the linguistic and didactic needs of the audience of native Chinese speakers, which is the nearest prospect of our research.

Keywords: methodology of teaching Russian as a foreign language, Chinese-speaking learners, verbs of motion

Mel’nikova Galina Timofeyevna, Sheveleva Tatyana Nikolaevna, Pleskanyuk Tatyana Nikolaevna The use of writer’s biography texts in lessons on Russian as a foreign language // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 83-91

The article is devoted to the study of the didactic value of biographical texts, writer’s biographies in particular, in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The relevance of the issue is determined by the view of biography as an educational text with a certain structure, rich in regional and linguistic material necessary for the formation of the communicative competence of non-native speakers. At the same time, understanding such texts is often difficult for students due to the abundance of numerals (dates), proper names, and a variety of factual data. During the analysis of modern scientific works, the current forms and methods of studying biographical texts in lessons with foreign students were identified, on the basis of which the rules for composing such texts for their further use in the educational process were formulated. According to the outlined rules, an original text was compiled – a biography of the 19th-century writer V.A. Sollogub, as well as a set of tasks for the development of regional and cultural competencies and the improvement of speech activity. The assignments are presented in the traditional sequence (pre-reading, while-reading and post-reading work), which makes it possible to remove as many lexical difficulties as possible before perceiving biographical information, introduce the life and work of a Russian writer of a distant era and improve students’ speech skills.

Keywords: Russian as a foreign language, text-biography, writer’s biography, V.A. Sollogub

Zakharina Faride Ildarovna Theoretical aspects of formation of patriotic feelings in students of secondary vocational educational institutions with the help of fiction literature // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 7-19

The relevance of the study of formation of patriotic feelings in students of secondary vocational educational institutions through fiction is conditioned by a number of important socio-pedagogical factors and modern challenges. In the conditions of globalization and information society, the issue of preserving the national identity and patriotic consciousness of the young generation is particularly acute. Modern students of secondary vocational education are in that age period when the worldview is actively formed, the formation of civic position and values is taking place. It is in this period it is extremely important to create a solid foundation of patriotic education. Art literature is a unique tool of patriotic education, because through artistic images, emotional impact and deep understanding of historical events, not just knowledge about the motherland, but true love for it is formed. In the modern educational process there is an insufficient use of the potential of fiction in patriotic education, which makes this study particularly significant. The article presents a comprehensive study of the theoretical foundations of the formation of patriotic feelings in students of secondary vocational educational institutions through fiction. On the basis of analyzing the psychological characteristics of vocational education students, the specifics of their age and socio-psychological development, the pedagogical model of patriotic feelings development taking into account the professional orientation of training is developed and theoretically substantiated. Specific methodological approaches and practical recommendations for the integration of fiction into the educational process of vocational education and training. The results of diagnostics of the level of patriotic feelings formation among vocational education and training students are presented, and the criteria for the effectiveness of educational work in this direction are substantiated.

Keywords: patriotic education, fiction, secondary vocational education, civic identity, educational process, patriotic feelings, vocational education students, methods of education, pedagogical technologies, literary education

Gadalov Demid Igorevich The relevance of the development of the subject’s presentation competence in the context of the VUCA world // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 30-37

The transformation of the traditional educational paradigm, which existed until the end of the 20th century, was caused by global systemic changes in all spheres of human life. The prevalence of the competence approach methodology has defined new educational results in the form of demanded personal characteristics – competencies. Increased uncertainty and accelerated progress in the information society have led to the formation of the phenomenon of VUCA world (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity), which has significantly affected the structure of a modern specialist’s competence portfolio. The purpose of the study is to determine the relevance of the subject’s presentation competence development in the conditions of VUCA world. Theoretical methods were used in the course of the research: analysis of scientific literature covering relevant domestic and foreign studies, conceptual analysis aimed at clarifying the main concepts of the study. It was revealed that the adaptation of a specialist in the modern world depends on the formation of various competencies. The formation of key competencies (“soft skills”) of the subject, related to the realization of productive communication in different contexts, including through presentation of oneself, presentation of the results of personal and team work, becomes necessary in the conditions of VUCA world. The study confirms the relevance of the development of presentation competence as one of the key competencies contributing to the improvement of the subject’s academic and professional performance in the uncertainty and variability of the modern world.

Keywords: presentation competence, VUCA world, competency-based education, key competencies, soft skills, communication

Khoroshikh Valeriya Viktorovna, Tregubenko Ilya Aleksandrovich, Rokhina Elena Vladimirovna, Tuzhikova Elena Sergeyevna Values as a determinant of attitude towards digital technologies among higher school teachers // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 104-115

The intensive influence of information technologies on educational practices at all levels of education determines the need to study the value-semantic determinants of attitudes towards digital technologies among higher school teachers. In the course of an empirical study conducted on a sample of teachers of higher education institutions in St. Petersburg (n = 73, 56 of them women and 17 men), the hypothesis of the influence of values and the semantic attitude of openness to experience on the attitude of teachers to digital technologies was tested. The research methods were presented in a short version of Schwartz Value Survey, the “Intelligence” scale from the L. Goldberg questionnaire and author’s questionnaire on the use of digital technologies by higher school teachers. Based on the cluster analysis, groups of teachers with a positive and wary attitude towards digital technologies were identified. It was found that for teachers with a positive attitude to digital technologies, the value of achievement (p

Keywords: values, value orientations, openness to experience, digital technologies, higher school teacher

Dubovitskaya Tatyana Dmitriyevna, Edigareva Viktoriya Dmitriyevna The relationship of psychological crisis experiences with a time perspective and attitudes towards time during early adulthood // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 116-127

The relevance of the work is related to the search for psychological factors that cause a person to experience a psychological crisis. The purpose of the empirical study is to identify the distinctive features of the relationship between psychological crisis, the time perspective of personality and attitudes towards time in young men and women. The sample consisted of boys and girls aged 18 to 26 years, belonging, according to E. Erickson, to the period of early adulthood. The following methods were used: S.V. Dukhnovsky’s methodology “Experiencing a psychological crisis”; F. Zimbardo’s “Time Perspective Questionnaire”; J. Nuetten’s “Time Attitudes Scale”. The study revealed a positive correlation between destructive experiences of psychological crisis and rejection of one’s own past and fatalistic perception of the present in both groups. The differences are revealed in the interrelation of psychological crisis experiences in relation to the present and the future. In women, psychological stability positively correlates with a hedonistic present, in men it correlates with a positive attitude and perception of the past, with dissatisfaction with the present and orientation towards the future. The results of the study can serve as a basis for developing a psychologist’s work strategy with young people in a state of psychological crisis. It is important to overcome negative cognitive attitudes towards the past, psychological support for self-realization in the present.

Keywords: psychological crisis, experiencing a psychological crisis, time perspective, attitudes towards time, early maturity

Korytova Galina Stepanovna, Korytova Alena Igorevna Dispositional attribution of the literary gifted personality emotional intelligence manifestations // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 128-136

The article provides an overview of various psychological approaches to the scientific interpretation and understanding of the phenomenon of emotional intelligence. The structural components of the four-factor model of emotional intelligence are discussed. The scientific studies are outlined, which show that emotional skills demonstrate a relationship with indicators of verbal (verbal) intelligence. The results of a ascertaining experiment aimed at studying the level of development of emotional intelligence in literarily gifted individuals who actively demonstrate the presence of actualized literary abilities are presented. It is shown that there is a relationship between the level of development of emotional intelligence and verbal intelligence in literarily gifted individuals. The results of empirical verifi cation of the manifestations of emotional intelligence in persons professionally engaged in literary and artistic creativity are presented. The levels of diagnostic data on the scales of the questionnaire “Emotional intelligence” by D.V. Lyusin in individuals with verbal abilities are described. The results of the ascertaining experiment, which demonstrated the relationship between emotional intelligence and literary abilities, are discussed. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of diagnostic data supports the assumption of a relationship between emotional intelligence and literary abilities. The data presented in the empirical study are consistent with the assumption that emotional intelligence is interrelated with verbal intelligence. This result proves that emotional intelligence is one of the factors in the formation of literary abilities.

Keywords: psychology of literary creativity, emotional intelligence, abilities, literary giftedness, literary abilities, giftedness, personality of the writer, literary and artistic activity

Peshkov Vladimir Fedorovich The content of the educational topic “Methods of application of methods for developing types of strength abilities of elderly men” // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 38-48

The substantiation and development of the educational topic “Methods of application of methods for developing types of strength abilities of elderly men” is presented. This topic has been introduced into the educational process of the disciplines “Theory and methodology of restorative and preventive measures”, “Restorative and preventive activities in physical education” taught at the Institute of Physical Culture and Sports of TSPU. The developed methodology for applying methods of developing strength abilities includes the following elements: a set of strength training methods – concentric, eccentric and isometric methods, consistency and combination of their implementation; types of strength abilities – dynamic strength, strength endurance, static strength endurance; target muscle groups – abdominal, pelvis, pelvic floor, back and limbs. The technique is an integral part of the structure of physical education and recreation activities for older men, based on strength exercises with their own weight and optimal load parameters. The effectiveness of the developed methodology for applying methods of strength abilities was proved during a five-year pedagogical experiment, the participants of which were men in the age range from 60–64 to 65–69 years.

Keywords: methodology, educational topic, students, physical education and wellness classes, methods of developing strength abilities, elderly men

Khazhuyev Islam Saydakhmedovich The characteristics of interpersonal relationships and socio-psychological adaptation in individuals experiencing high-intensity and prolonged stress in a post-crisis region // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 148-162

This article presents the results of a study on the characteristics of interpersonal relationships and parameters of socio-psychological adaptation in individuals experiencing high-intensity and prolonged stress, using the population of a post-crisis region as an example. The aim of the study was to examine the socio-demographic specifics of the manifestation of intense stressful experiences, the characteristics of interpersonal communication, and the processes of socio-psychological adaptation in individuals who have been in prolonged emergency situations. The main results of the study indicate that intense stressful experiences are accompanied by a decrease in adaptive capabilities of the individual and the formation of maladaptive attitudes towards oneself and the social environment. Moreover, the severity of the signs of traumatic stress can also be accompanied by a deterioration in interpersonal relationships, due to the frequent use of aggressive, suspicious, submissive, and dependent communication styles by traumatized individuals when interacting with their social environment. The results of the study indicate that the civilian population, compared to law enforcement officers, is more susceptible to developing signs of PTSD, possibly corresponding to the clinical level of PTSD. Furthermore, based on gender, in the context of traumatic experiences, women, compared to men, demonstrated a higher level of emotional discomfort and a tendency to dependency on external control.

Keywords: post-traumatic stress, social and psychological adaptation, interpersonal relationships, high-intensity stress, maladaptive behavior

Kurysheva Margarita Viktorovna Primers of the Soviet era. A return to the past or a new reality? // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 173-188

The relevance of the topic is determined by social processes in Russian society, the demand of the parent community for the return of the Soviet-era education system. Modern social movements such as the All-Russian Parental Resistance, Educational Partisans, For the revival of Education, are becoming real participants in the educational process, spreading the ideas of teaching according to “Stalinist” textbooks, publishing educational and methodological literature of the Soviet period. In this regard, it became necessary to analyze the content of the designated textbooks from the point of view of the possibility of their use in home schooling. The article compares the ABC books and alphabets of the Soviet period (since 1947) by such authors as N.A. Kostin, S.P. Redozubov, A.I. Voskresenskaya, and others, and the ABC by V.G. Goretsky from the School of Russia (20172024). The comparison is based on linguistic, methodological features of textbooks and their applications. artistic design. The author examines the principles and goals of creating alphabets, the structure of textbooks, the ways of presenting the material, as well as the skills formed by the alphabets in question. Attention is drawn to such methods and techniques as the sound analytical-synthetic method, “reading-writing”, the principles of “from simple to complex” and “no more than one difficulty per lesson.” The article analyzes both the advantages and disadvantages of the textbooks under consideration, ranging from the presence/absence of phonetic analysis to unsuccessful formulations of the theory of linguistics. Reliance on scientific achievements in the field of phonetics and phonology, on research in the field of child psychology determines the continuity of alphabets and alphabets from different eras in methodological and substantive terms.

Keywords: Soviet primers, alphabets, literacy teaching, methods and techniques of literacy teaching, principles of creating primers, design of primers

Postnikov Sergey Nikolaevich Designing the part of the main educational program of higher education that forms professional competences // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 49-61

One of the fundamental methodological challenges in developing core educational programs for higher education, which has yet to be adequately addressed, is the formulation of these programs. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the current Federal State Educational Standards do not include a list of professional competencies that educational institutions are required to define independently. The diversity of approaches currently employed by different universities to address this issue has resulted in unwarranted discrepancies in the structure and content of training for specialists with the same profile, as well as the inability to conduct centralized and objective assessment of the quality of such training. Ultimately, this has led to a disruption of the integrity of the educational space. The present article proposes and illustrates, using the example of a bachelor’s program in direction 26.03.02 “Shipbuilding, Ocean Engineering, and Systems Engineering of Marine Infrastructure Objects”, a systematic approach that enables the design of educational programs to address not only state requirements but also the interests of both universities and employers. The foundation of this approach lies in the analysis and utilization of relevant professional standards. Additionally, the paper provides recommendations for situations where professional standards corresponding to the program’s focus are unavailable. This ensures a comprehensive framework for aligning educational outcomes with both existing regulatory frameworks and practical industry needs. Particular attention in the paper is devoted to an issue closely related to the main topic of the article, namely: the meticulous formulation of learning outcomes based on the Bloom-Anderson taxonomy. The proposed approach was developed at the Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University in 2020, piloted, and has been successfully utilized over the past five years in the design of educational programs across all levels of higher education. This article may be of particular interest to program directors, department heads, and staff members of university academic affairs offices responsible for the development of higher education programs

Keywords: educational programme, professional competences, indicators, professional standards, labour functions

Kuular Say-Suu Vasilyevna, Sultanbaeva Klavdia Ivanovna Traditions of the Tuvan family as a resource for spiritual and moral education of primary school students // Pedagogical Review. 2025. Issue 4 (62). P. 20-29

This article examines some of the national traditions and values of the modern Tuvan family, which contribute to the spiritual and moral education of younger schoolchildren. The relevance of the research topic is due to the problem of insufficient attention to the use of the traditions of the Tuvan family as a source of education of the spiritual and moral qualities of a younger student’s personality in modern pedagogical practice. The purpose of this work is to consider the traditions of the Tuvan family as a source of education of the spiritual and moral qualities of a younger student in a modern school. The traditional Tuvan family has always relied on national traditions in raising children, such as respect for elders, respect for family etiquette, hospitality, respect for nature, etc. The leading research methods are comparative analysis of scientific literature, content analysis, generalization and systematization, experimental work, questioning of primary school students, etc. The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at studying the level of knowledge of younger schoolchildren about the national traditions of the Tuvan family, and substantiates a program aimed at the spiritual and moral education of younger schoolchildren. The obtained research results allow us to assert that the modern Tuvan family is influenced by modernization processes, as a result of which there is a change in ethnocultural traditions. In conclusion, the conclusion is made about the need for active cooperation of school teachers with parents and older family members in the spiritual and moral education of the younger generations. At the same time, the appeal to the traditions of family education is considered as one of the effective ways of modern spiritual and moral education in interaction with parents.

Keywords: spiritual and moral education, traditions of the Tuvan family, primary school student, national values, the Tuvan family, national traditions of Tuvans